Discretization and gridding in reservoir simulation. The high pressure and storage density, combined with a very large reservoir structure, result in a high capacity reservoir. Saint peter sandstone gas storage reservoir montgomery county, ill. This example sets up reservoir simulation software on an azure highperformance computing hpc infrastructure. Fluid flow simulation on a reservoir containing a large. Pdf in this work, underground gas storage ugs was studied on a partially depleted gas reservoir through compositional simulation.
Modeling of underground gas storage in a depleted gas field. Senate safe pipes act december 2015 directed phmsa to promulgate nationwide minimum standards for management of underground storage. Abstract underground gas storage in a partially depleted gas reservoir in this work. Based on a 3d geological model and oil production history, 16 scenarios of wateralternatingco 2 injection operations with different water alternating gas wag ratios and slug. The top of the reservoir is limited by the gas top surface figure 4. The reservoir simulation model focuses on the zone a4 figure 4. The abandoned amposta oil field offshore spain was studied by a comprehensive reservoir simulation model to assess the viability of converting it into a cyclic gas storage pool. The results of the reservoir model show that the combined moisture effect can significantly affect the overall gas storage and transport behavior. Spe references csugspe 1pp shale gas modeling workflow. The feasibility analysis of underground gas storage during an. Underground natural gas storage facilities are necessary to provide quick access to large volumes of gas for end users during periods of high demand, such. A modified hysteresis relative permeability including a. Pdf the development of an underground gas storage ugs project and its. Reservoir simulation study of co2 storage and co2egr in.
The need to apply gas compressors depends on the pressure ratio between pipeline and gas reservoir and the gas flow rates to be stored. The compositional case optionally uses tabular kvalues versus p, rather than equation of state fugacitybased kvalues. Prediction of reservoir fluid phase behavior and history matching. Numerical reservoir simulation is a stateoftheart evaluation tool that includes material balance, fluid flow, reservoir heterogeneity, well interference, wellbore hydraulics, and facility characteristics in its. Reservoir model argument the aim of reservoir description is to define a reservoir model which shows the dynamic and static information of the reservoir. Depicts simulation of gas storage operations into depleted reservoir. The exploitation of unconventional gas reservoirs has become an ever increasing component of the north american gas supply. The underground gas storage in a gas reservoir is a kind of economic. The cushion gas requirement was solved to be 50% of the ogip, or 29. In republic croatia some almost depleted reservoirs as is oil field zutica could be suitable as underground gas storage. Compositional simulation was employed to build a dynamic reservoir model, develop the historymatching phase of the reservoir, and construct injectionwithdrawal iw.
The economic viability of many unconventional gas developments hinges on effective stimulation of extremely lowpermeability rock by creating very complex fracture networks that connect huge reservoir surface area to the wellbore. Residual gas saturation is known to be a key factor in evaluating gas recovery from a lean gas reservoir invaded by water. The reservoir properties were then allocated throughout the reservoir simulation based on the interpretations of each pore plug. Co2 injection for enhanced gas recovery and geostorage. Reservoir simulation gas field studies unitization studies pressure transient test analysis enhanced oil recovery unconventional resource analysis and valuation reservoir surveillance programs worse case discharge wcd modeling waterflood feasibility workshops gas storage field planning and evaluation co2 sequestration candidate evaluation. Numerical simulation and optimization of gas mobility. Underground gas storage in a partially depleted gas reservoir.
An introduction to natural gas storage in illinois presented by randy locke, p. Typical application of reservoir simulation is to predict future performance of the reservoirs so that intelligent decisions can be made to optimize the economic recovery of hydrocarbons from the reservoir. For this underground reservoir, it is estimated the original gas in place ogip was 59. Gas storage is the operation of gas transmission from a reservoir to. However, calculation of hydrocarboninplace of a gas condensate reservoir is more complex because of the change from a single gaseous phase in the reservoir to two phases gas and condensate at the surface.
Injection and withdrawal cycles are simulated to estimate working gas, injection rates and deliverability curves give the well and surface facilities constraints. Our simulation results suggest that foam has promising applications in increasing co 2 storage volume during field scale co2. Keywords cmg reservoir simulator, depleted gas reservoir, horizontal wells, under ground gas storage. Introduction to reservoir simulation dr panteha ghahri 9th may 2018. Furthermore, according to the simulation analysis, pipeline gas injection. Key evaluation techniques in the process of gas reservoir being. Petroleum reservoir engineering, 2nd edition, prenticehall. Feasibility study of a natural gas storage prospect.
In this work, underground gas storage ugs was studied on a partially depleted gas reservoir through compositional simulation. Introductory well testing 7 contents 11 pressure derivative 59 11. Article definitions and uses cogeh, the canadian oil and gas evaluation handbook, reserve classifications provide a. A depleted natural gas reservoir was evaluated for its potential to become an underground baseload storage facility for natural gas. In this paper, the immiscible wateralternatingco 2 flooding process at the lh111 oilfield, offshore guangdong province, was firstly evaluated using fullfield reservoir simulation models. Supply studies glj prepares gas, oil or bitumen supply studies to support infrastructure projects including pipeline and facilities construction or optimization. The facilities and the reservoir maintenance technique needed for the gas storage operation have been combined to enhance oil production. Natural gas underground storage natural gas geology fluidstructure interaction computer simulation. An edge aquifer should be used in all simulation models for aquifer gas storage fields multiple edge aquifers may be necessary to model a reservoir that is not uniformly surrounded by the aquifer anisotropic permeability, fault boundaryfault blocks a small size bottom aquifer may be used in conjunction.
The commonly used volumetric method involves defining areal extent of the reservoir, rock pore volume, and fluid content within the pore volume with applications of geophysics and well. Could potentially result in the api rps being the required national. Numerical reservoir simulation is a sophisticated evaluation technique that includes material balance, fluid flow, reservoir heterogeneity, well interference. Reservoir simulation uses dataintensive computer models to predict complex flows of fluids such as oil, water, and gas beneath the earths surface. Well production rates of oil, water and gas field reservoir pressure individual wells pressures and pi reservoir simulation tasks gather and input the rock and fluids data reservoir description. Pdf underground gas storage in a partially depleted gas reservoir. Gas reservoirs lend themselves to easy calculation of the hydrocarboninplace through a general gas law equation. From microseismic to simulation a horn river case study o joint paper with cmg and nexen iptc14940 evaluation in data rich fayatteville shale gas plays integrating physicsbased reservoir simulations with data driven approaches for. Introduction to reservoir simulation montanuniversitat leoben. Shift factors3 are included to account for volume translation. Reservoir simulation research focuses on development and application of reservoir simulators for various oil and gas recovery processes. Optimize the production strategy to maximize co 2 usage and storage calculate a data set of 4d synthetic seismics for several simulated time steps.
The major development and application in this area have been concentrated on development and application of compositional reservoir simulators for enhanced oil recovery processes. Carbon dioxide injection for enhanced gas recovery and. Optimal pr eos model of phase behaviour of zutica oil was used in 1d reservoir model for simulation study of oil production process with increasement of reservoir pressure, as well as simulation study of gas storage in same reservoir. The storage of hydrogen in underground reservoirs comprises a potential solution for balancing the fluctuating energy production from wind.
Integrated reservoir modeling and simulation reservoir simulation is a branch of petroleum engineering developed for predicting reservoir performance using computer programs that through sophisticated algorithms numerically solve the equations governing the complex physical processes occurring during the production of an oil gas reservoir. Well integrity for natural gas storage in depleted. A reservoir model for hillsboro gas storage field management. Pdf whats conventional and whats special in a reservoir study. Transient simulation of underground pumped storage. The main objectives of this book are to investigate the possibility of ugs development and feasibility of underground sour gas storage in a depleted fractured gas reservoir.
Reservoir simulation the format for each article will generally be to introduce the concepts, discuss the theory, and illustrate its application with an example. Evaluation of subsurface produced gas injection final report prepared for. Dissertation objectives and challenges compositional fluid flow simulation on a synthetic reservoir model containing a large amount of co2. Estimation methods for heterogeneous oil and gas reserves include analogy, volumetric, decline analysis, material balance calculations, and reservoir simulation.
The results of research, shown in more details in previous chapters, are as follows. Run reservoir simulation software on azure azure example. John lee abstract reservoir simulation is an important tool that can be used to simulate as well as predict production from shale reservoirs. Nearly every type of fieldproduction scenario can be modeled. Reservoir simulation is a widely used tool for making decisions on the development of new fields, the location of infill wells, and the implementation of enhanced recovery projects. Carbon dioxide injection for enhanced gas recovery and storage reservoir simulation article pdf available in egyptian journal of petroleum 222.
Reservoir simulation services oil reservoir modeling. Reservoir simulation often needs to be tailored to specific applications to better represent the underlying physical processes. The task is to achieve profound understanding rather than to write a manual or a guide line for the. This work on numerical simulation and optimization of gas mobility control techniques during co 2 sequestration is currently in preparation 1 and a talk was recently given on the topic at the 2017 siam geosciences conference in erlangen, germany. Different guide vanes closing schemes have been simulated. In the transient simulation, air and water are considered as ideal gas and compressible liquid, respectively. Schechter it is common for field models of tight gas reservoirs to include several wells with hydraulic fractures. Reservoir simulation can also be used to obtain insights into the dynamic behavoir of a recovery process or mechanism. In practice, only the rate at the surface can be controlled. Papers in this session provide case studies of integrating reservoir simulation with geomechanics, flows in multisegment wells, highorder methods for various modeling purposes, as well as insight into the. The reservoir simulation scenarios also generated estimates of the volumes of water that. Numerical simulation of hydrodynamic and gas mixing processes in. The obtained results show that the dimensioning of underground reservoir, surge tank, and air ducts is essential for ensuring the hydraulic performance and optimizing the. Methods for addressing some common issues in simulating.
Reservoir simulation models impact on production forecasts and performance of shale volatile oil reservoirs. Generally, reservoir simulation is considered the most. Under ideal conditions, a constant surface rate can be maintained, but the first fluid produced will be fluid that was stored in the wellbore, and, at first, the flow rate from the reservoir into. Modeling and simulation of moisture effect on gas storage. It is the focal point of an integrated effort of geosciences, petrophysics, reservoir, production and facilities engineering, computer science, and economics. Simulation of immiscible wateralternatingco 2 flooding. Pdf carbon dioxide injection for enhanced gas recovery. Underground gas storage in the old reservoir ivanka. Observe the effects of fluid changes on the seismic response of the. Reservoir simulation is an area of reservoir engineering that, combining physics, mathematics, and computer programming to a reservoir model allows the analysis and the prediction of the fluid behavior in the reservoir over time it can be simply considered as the process of mimicking the behavior of fluid flow in a. For the reservoir simulation conducted in this work, the gas production is enhanced as a result of the moisture loss by the ventilation air in the underground coal mining. The gas reservoir model was created and controlled by variousness of cell distributions in terms of width, length and thickness. Theeifunction solution to the diffusivity equation assumes constant flow rate in the reservoir, starting at time zero.
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